Cocowood and Cocoveneer Information and Resources

Coconut Palm - General

Ashburner, G.R. (1994). Characterisation, collection and conservation of Cocos nucifera L. in the South Pacific. School of Agriculture and Forestry. University of Melbourne, Melbourne.

Child, R. (1964). Coconuts. Longmans Green and Co., London.

Foale, M. (2003). The Coconut Odyssey: the bounteous possibilities of the tree of life. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR), Canberra, Australia.

Jones, D. (1987). Palms in Australia. Reed Books, New South Wales, Australia.

Coconut ‘Wood’ Properties, Processing and Uses

Ajibola, K., Onabanjo, B.O. (1994). Investigation of Cocos nucifera as a potential insulator for buildings. Renewable Energy 6(1):81–84.

Alston, A.S. (1982). Timbers of Fiji, properties and potential uses. Department of Forestry, Suva, Fiji.

Aragon, C.T. (2000). Coconut program area research planning and prioritization, Philipine Institute for Developments Studies, Los Banos, Phillipines.

Arancon, R.N.J. (1997). Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study: Focus on Coconut Wood. Working paper series: Asia-Pacific Forestry Towards 2010, Working Paper No. APFSOS/WP/23. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome. Available from the FAO website document repository. http://www.fao.org/docrep/W7731E/w7731e00.htm#Contents

Bootle, K.R. (1986). Wood in Australia : Types, Properties and Uses. McGraw-Hill, Sydney.

Ghose, M. and Johri, B.M. (1990). Anatomy of stems of seedling palms. Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Science, Plant Sciences 100(4):215–223.

Grimwood, B.E. (1975). Coconut palm products: their processing in developing countries. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, Italy, 261pp.

Haslett, A.N. (1990). Suitability of oil palm trunk for timber uses. Journal of Tropical Forest Science 3(2):243–251.

Held, B.W. (2003). Albino strains of Ophiostama species for biological control of sapstaining fungi. Holzforschung 57(3):237–242.

Keating, W.G. and Bolza, E. (1982). Characteristics, Properties and Uses of Timbers: South-east Asia, Northern Austrlia and the Pacific. Inkata Press, Melbourne, Australia.

Killmann, W. (1988). How to process coconut palm wood. Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ); Wiesbaden, Germany.

Killmann, W. and Fink, D. (1996). Coconut Palm Stem Processing Technical Handbook. Protrade: Dept. Furniture and Wooden Products, Deutsche Gesellschaft. Federal Republic of Germany.

http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/ag335e/ag335e00.htm

Kloot, N.H. (1952). Mechanical and physical properties of coconut palm. Australian Journal of Applied Science 3(4):293–323.

Melencion, N.J. (1997). Comprehensive evaluation of the gluability of coconut wood. Philippine Coconut Authority, Zamboanga, Philippines.

Melencion, N J. (1997). Determination of appropriate gluing parameters for the lamination of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) wood. Philippines University, Laguna, Los Banos, The Philippines, 82pp.

Meylan, B.A. (1978). Density variation within Cocos nucifera stems. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 8(3):369–383.

New Zealand Forest Service (1987). Coconut wood: A collection of reports on sawing and grading, New Zealand Forest Service, Wellington, New Zealand.

Orman, H.R. (1974). The strength properties of coconut palm timber. New Zealand Forest Service, Forest Research Institute, Rotorua, New Zealand.

Palomar, R.N. (1992). Control of mold and stain fungi on freshly-sawn coconut lumber. Philippine Technology Journal 17(1):31–56.

Parthasarathy, M.V. and Klotz, L. H. (1976). Palm ‘Wood’. I. Anatomical aspects. Wood Science and Technology 10:215–229.

Parthasarathy, M.V. and Tomlinson, P. B. (1967). Anatomical features of metaphloem in stems of Sabal, Cocos and two other palms. American Journal of Botany 54(9):1143–1151.

Sudo, S. (1980). Variations in some important anatomical porperties and density in the stem of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). Bulletin of Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Japan (312):81–101.

Sudo, S. (1980). Some anatomical properties and density of the stem of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), with consideration for pulp quality. IAWA Bulletin 1(4):161–171.

Tamolang, F.B. (1989). Variation in bending strength properties of glued-laminated coconut wood. Forest Products Research and Development Institute (FPRDI) Journal 18(1-4):62–77.

Tomlinson, P.B. (1967). The wood of monocotyledons. News Bulletin Int. Ass. Wood Anatomists(2):4–23.

Tomlinson, P.B. (1990). The structural biology of palms, Oxford University Press, New York.

Tomlinson, P.B. (2005). The uniquenes of palms. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, The Linnean Society 151:4–14.

Zimmermann, M.H. and P.B. Tomlinson (1974). Vascular patterns in palm stems: Variations of the Rhapis Principle. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 55(3):402–424.

Coconut Plantation Resource Planning

Aragon, C.T. (2000). Coconut program area research planning and prioritization, Philipine Institute for Developments Studies, Los Banos, Phillipines.

Eala, R.C. and Alcachupas, P.L. (1983). Cost of coconut lumber production. Forest Products Research and Development Institute (FPRDI) Journal 1(2):16–21.

FAO (1970). Coconut breeding: Special issue of Plant News Document AGP: N1/13. Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, Rome.

Gibe, Z.C. (1985). The Philippines’ recommendations for coconut timber utilisation. Philippine Coconut Authority. Council for Agriculture and Resources Research and Development (PCARRD), Los Banos, Philippines.

Mead, D.J. (2001). Non-forest tree plantations. Forestry Department Working Paper FP/6. Forest Resources Division, Forest Resources Development Service, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.

Subramanian, S.K.V. (2003). Coconut wood diversification. Coconut Development Board, Indian Coconut Journal (34):10–18.

Vogt, K.A. (2002). Indigenous knowledge informing management of tropical forests: the link between rythms in plant secondary chemistry and lunar cycles. Ambio 31(6):485–490.

Timber Properties and Processing – General

Australasian Furnishing Research and Development Institute Ltd (1997). Australian timber seasoning manual. Australasian Furnishing Research and Development Institute Ltd, Tasmania, Australia.

Evans, P.D. (2000). An Introduction to Wood Cement Composites. In: Wood-Cement Composites in the Asia-Pacific Region. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia.

Gnahaharan, R., Dhamodaran, T.K. and Thulasidas, P.K. (1988). Yield and quality of charcoal from stem wood biomass. Elsevier Science Ltd, London.

Nolan, G., Innes, T., Redman, A., & McGavin, R. (2003). Australian hardwood drying best practice manual. Forest & Wood Products Research and Development Corporation (FWPRDC), Melbourne, Australia. Available from the Forest Wood Products Australia (FWPA) website at: http://www.fwpa.com.au/rd-and-e/processing/163-australian-hardwood-drying-best-practice-manual-part-1.html

Mack, J.J. (1979). Australian methods for mechanically testing small clear specimens of timber. Second Series. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Melbourne, Australia:10-12.

Wakeling, R.N. (2000). Recent advances in protection of unseasoned radiata pine wood in New Zealand. Elsevier Science Ltd, England.

Standards

Standards Australia (1997). AS/NZS 1080.1:1997. Timber - Methods of test - Moisture content. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (1998). AS/NZS 1328.1:1998. Glued laminated structural timber - Performance requirements and minimum production requirements. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (1999). AS 2796.1-1999: Timber - Hardwood - Sawn and milled products - Product specification. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (1999). AS 2796.3-1999: Timber - Hardwood - Sawn and milled products - Timber for furniture components. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (2000). AS/NZS 2878:2000: Timber - Classification into strength groups. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (2000). AS/NZS 1080.3:2000: Timber - Methods of test – Density. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (2000). AS/NZS 4787:2001: Timber - Assessment of drying quality. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (2006). AS/NZS 1080.2:2006: Timber - Methods of test - Slope of grain. Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com

Standards Australia (2006). AS 2796.2-2006: Timber - Hardwood - Sawn and milled products - Grade description.Australian Standard, distributed by SAI Global Limited. www.saiglobal.com